Country energy profile · Turkiye · 2025
What percentage of Turkiye’s energy comes from fossil fuels?
In 2025, fossil fuels supplied 85.9% of Turkiye’s total energy. Oil is its largest single source. That compares with a world average of 86.2%.
Oil 33.7%, natural gas 27.8%, coal 24.4% · non-fossil 14.1%.
Source: Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy 2025 data. Site updated August 13, 2026.
Turkiye energy mix, 2025
Share of total primary energy by source
Key facts
| Fossil-fuel share | 85.9% |
| World average | 86.2% |
| Main fossil fuel | Oil |
| Change since 2010 | -8.7 pts |
| Fossil energy per person | 71.7 GJ |
| CO₂ per person | 5.2 t |
| Fossil share of electricity | 55.9% |
| World rank, fossil energy used | #14 of 80 |
Is Turkiye getting less dependent on fossil fuels?
Fossil-fuel share of total energy since 1965, with the absolute amount of fossil fuel used. Share and volume can move in opposite directions.
Fossil share vs. consumption
Left axis: % of primary energy · Right axis: exajoules (EJ)
Oil vs. gas vs. coal in Turkiye
Consumption by fuel, 1965–2025
Exajoules (EJ) per year
Total energy vs. electricity
Turkiye’s electricity has a lower fossil share than its overall energy use, because transport, heating and industry still lean heavily on oil, gas and coal.
Total energy
| Fossil share | 85.9% |
| Oil | 33.7% |
| Gas | 27.8% |
| Coal | 24.4% |
Electricity
| Fossil share | 55.9% |
| Low-carbon share | 43.8% |
| Nuclear + hydro | 15.6% |
| Wind + solar + other renewables | 28.3% |
Frequently asked questions
What percentage of Turkiye's energy comes from fossil fuels?
In 2025, fossil fuels supplied about 85.9% of Turkiye's total primary energy: oil 33.7%, natural gas 27.8% and coal 24.4%. The world average is 86.2%.
What is Turkiye's main energy source?
Turkiye's largest fossil fuel is oil. Non-fossil sources make up 14.1% of its energy.
Is Turkiye reducing its dependence on fossil fuels?
Since 2010, Turkiye's fossil-fuel share of energy has fallen by 8.7 percentage points, to 85.9%.
How much of Turkiye's electricity comes from fossil fuels?
About 55.9% of Turkiye's electricity came from fossil fuels in 2025, versus 85.9% of its total energy. Electricity is usually the lower-carbon of the two.
Compare with other countries
Source: Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy, 2025 data (annual series back to 1965). See methodology.