Country energy profile · India · 2025
What percentage of India’s energy comes from fossil fuels?
In 2025, fossil fuels supplied 93.0% of India’s total energy. Coal is its largest single source. That compares with a world average of 86.2%.
Oil 27.9%, natural gas 6.1%, coal 59.0% · non-fossil 7.0%.
Source: Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy 2025 data. Site updated August 13, 2026.
India energy mix, 2025
Share of total primary energy by source
Key facts
| Fossil-fuel share | 93.0% |
| World average | 86.2% |
| Main fossil fuel | Coal |
| Change since 2010 | -3.0 pts |
| Fossil energy per person | 24.8 GJ |
| CO₂ per person | 2.0 t |
| Fossil share of electricity | 74.1% |
| World rank, fossil energy used | #3 of 80 |
Is India getting less dependent on fossil fuels?
Fossil-fuel share of total energy since 1965, with the absolute amount of fossil fuel used. Share and volume can move in opposite directions.
Fossil share vs. consumption
Left axis: % of primary energy · Right axis: exajoules (EJ)
Oil vs. gas vs. coal in India
Consumption by fuel, 1965–2025
Exajoules (EJ) per year
Total energy vs. electricity
India’s electricity has a lower fossil share than its overall energy use, because transport, heating and industry still lean heavily on oil, gas and coal.
Total energy
| Fossil share | 93.0% |
| Oil | 27.9% |
| Gas | 6.1% |
| Coal | 59.0% |
Electricity
| Fossil share | 74.1% |
| Low-carbon share | 25.8% |
| Nuclear + hydro | 11.3% |
| Wind + solar + other renewables | 14.5% |
Frequently asked questions
What percentage of India's energy comes from fossil fuels?
In 2025, fossil fuels supplied about 93.0% of India's total primary energy: oil 27.9%, natural gas 6.1% and coal 59.0%. The world average is 86.2%.
What is India's main energy source?
India's largest fossil fuel is coal. Non-fossil sources make up 7.0% of its energy.
Is India reducing its dependence on fossil fuels?
Since 2010, India's fossil-fuel share of energy has fallen by 3.0 percentage points, to 93.0%.
How much of India's electricity comes from fossil fuels?
About 74.1% of India's electricity came from fossil fuels in 2025, versus 93.0% of its total energy. Electricity is usually the lower-carbon of the two.
Compare with other countries
Source: Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy, 2025 data (annual series back to 1965). See methodology.